Chemical Synthesis Letters

Efficient Methodologies for Sustainable Advancements in Chemical Synthesis

Neelima Gupta — 2023-12-22

Electrical output of a photogalvanic cell utilised to perform solar power conversion and storage by with a lauryl glucoside, triazine and d-fructose system

Sushil Kumar Yadav — 2023-10-29

Objective: The current work focuses on the role of surfactant in photogalvanic cells and how photons from sunshine can be exploited as a driving factor for energy conversion and storage.

Methods: An H-shaped pg unit was created to investigate electrical output in solar changes. Dye, reductant, surfactant, NaOH, double distilled water (DDW), multi-meter, calomel electrode, 250 k roistered, saturated calomel electrode, platinum electrode, carbon pot, resistance key, digital pH meter, microammeter, and 200 W tungsten bulb were used in the suggested electrical circuit. The proposed solar cell's reaction mechanism for generating photocurrent and photocurrent has been thoroughly investigated. For the sunlight-powered transition system, PG Cells were investigated.

Findings: Photocurrent, photo potential, efficiency of conversion, fill factor, and cell performance were all examined in PG cells. The values mentioned above are as follows: 388.0 A, 1141.0 mV, 0.7995%, 0.5389, and 129.0 minutes were measured. The cell's electrical output has also been seen for tetrazine, D-Fructose, and lauryl glucoside systems. Potential at power point, open circuit potential, power point of cell (pp), and current at short circuit were also investigated. The values obtained are as follows: 1133 mV, 1523 mV, 435.321, and 544A are the values.

Novelty: There seems to have a lot of study done on photogalvanics, but no one has concentrated on green dye-based work for a more sustainable future. As a result, an actual research work plan for comprehensive investigation in the field of photogalvanic devices for solar energy transformation was developed. The photo galvanic is an expanding area of research, and the manuscript contains significant electrical output, conversion efficiency, and storage capacity of developed photogalvanic cells, with particular focus on to better performance (t_1/2) and decreasing the expense of the photogalvanic cell to enhance business viability

Synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial, antiprotozoal and antitumor evaluation of phenothiazine linked 1,2,4-triazoles

Navin B. Patel — 2023-10-23

Aim: The purpose of this study is to create compounds containing phenothiazine triazoles and test them against various bacterial, fungal, protozoan, and M. tuberculosis H37Rv species. Anti-tumor efficacy is also included.

Background: Phenothiazine comprises two separate hetero atoms, Sulphur and nitrogen, and the 1,2,4-triazoles nucleus has been identified as an antifungal agent with three nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings. In medicinal chemistry, the nucleus is significant on both counts. Both of these heterocycles are associated in this study with enhancing the therapeutic value.

Objective: Phenothiazine is widely known for its antibacterial, antihistamine, sedative, spasmolytic, and anticancer activities. 1,2,4-triazoles nucleus is the active component of antifungal medications. When these two heterocycles are joined, the biological profile may be improved. The primary goal of this study is to assess the various biological activities of freshly synthesized 1,2,4-triazoles including phenothiazine.

Method: Condensation of 2-chloro-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(phenothiazin-10-yl)-ethanone-1 is the method. -2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2 is then used to create a range of phenothiazine-linked triazoles (5a–m) by reacting with different acid hydrazides. All recently synthesized substances have their structural integrity confirmed using data from IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, and mass spectrometry. All synthesized substances were evaluated for their antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, and anticancer activities. By connecting the nitrogen of phenothiazine to monocyclic heterocycles like oxadiazole and triazole via the alkyl chain showed significant biological activity of the newly synthesized compounds 5a–m.

Result: Biochemical testing revealed that compounds 1, 2, 3, 5a, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5k, and 5l had antibacterial activity. The antifungal activity of vitamins 5b, 5c, 5d, 5f, and 5k is active. Active against M. tuberculosis are 5d and 5k. In comparison to normal medications, 5a, 5i, 5j, 5k, and 5l showed higher percentages of lysis on T. Cruzi. The anti-tumor effects of 5a, 5j, and 5l were present.

Conclusion: Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, and antitumor activities have all been assessed in this study. The majority of recently created compounds have been shown to be biologically active agents. The primary emphasis of this research is the novel compounds' anti-protozoal action

Determination of formation constant of Er (III) systems with different N, S & O donor ligands

Mahendra Vyas — 2024-04-27

Formation Constant of Erbium (III) Systems with different N, S & O donor ligands have been measured with the help of Spectrophotometric method. Result indicates that solution of these complexes in solid state is difficult

Thermodynamic study of hypersensitive transitions observed in some Tm (III) doped systems

Ram Chandra Beniwal — 2023-10-23

The microscopic behavior of the hypersensitive transitions regarding Tm (III) doped systems with diverse ligands have been studied. Thermodynamic parameters and the UV-Visible spectrophotometric data for the hypersensitive transition have been correlated. The partition function of the transition and thermodynamic efficiency are among the thermodynamic parameters

Electronic spectral studies of Pr (III) and Nd (III) with mixed ligand system

Alok Vyas — 2023-10-23

Some biprotic acids, namely, salicylic acid, tartaric acid & lactic acid and a few amino acids like glycine andβ-alanine were chosen for mixed ligand system (biprotic acids as primary ligands & amino acids as secondary ligands). These were interacted with metal ion, Pr (III)or Nd (III) in different molar ratios &their electronic absorption spectra were recorded in aqueous solution. The various energy parameters such as Slater-Codon (F_k), Racah (E^k) & Lande(ξ_4f) parameters & intensity parameters such as, oscillator strength (P), Judd-Ofelt parameters (Ω_λ,) have been computed using partial & regression statistical methods. The bonding parameter (b^1/2) & nephelauxetic ratio (β) have also been evaluated to ascertain the covalency in the metal-ligand bond.

Antibacterial Studies of Sm (III) Complexes with Paracetamol Drug as an Amide Ligand

Suresh Kumar Purohit — 2023-10-23

In this research paper some complexes of Sm (III) ion with paracetamol drug have been prepared and their antimicrobial study with E. coli, and S. aureus have also been reported. For the preparation of various solutions ethanol has been used and all chemicals are analytical grade have been taken. In this paper complexes are synthesized by the help of Microwave Irradiation For the study of antibacterial activity of various complexes the Disc Diffusion Method have been used. Such synthesis is green synthesis and gives high amount of product. The main purpose of this research has been the study of antibacterial study of various solutions

Nanoparticles and their Application in Molecular Biology

Rajesh Kumar Meena — 2023-10-23

Several groups of materials, including inorganic, organic, hybrid, and biological materials, are used to create nanoparticles. Ball milling, vapors deposition, electro spraying, metal salt reduction, sol-gel, coprecipitation, and thermal decomposition are all methods used to create inorganic nanoparticles. By using supercritical solution dialysis, microemulsion, nanoprecipitation, and rapid expansion, organic NPs can be produced. Organic and inorganic materials are used to create hybrid nanoparticles. Several biological nanoparticles, such as lipoproteins, exosomes, ferritin, and viruses, are found in nature. Furthermore, biomolecules including proteins, peptides, and polysaccharides can be used to create nanoparticles. Nanoparticles typically have higher surface-to-volume ratios, superparamagnetism, hardness, Coulomb energy, and catalytic activity than bulk materials do. Nanoparticles are employed in a variety of applications, such as biosensing, drug delivery, bioimaging, catalysis, nano manufacturing, lubrication, electronics, textile production, and water treatment systems. This is because of their distinctive structural, magnetic, mechanical, and electrical capabilities

A review of ionic liquids as a versatile designer-greener solvent

Sulochana Sharma — 2023-10-23

The research into the properties of biodynamic heterosystems has proven to be the most appealing and useful for the development of possible medications with exceptional qualities and that work successfully in the treatment of a wide range of diseases, including pandemics. The synthesis of promising therapeutic materials is quite difficult and requires sufficient time for clinical studies, testing, licenses from relevant authorities, production, and distribution. As a result, researchers typically concentrated on novel approaches’ including a high yield of already approved chemical substances. This review article focuses on the synthesis of medicinally important heterocycles and on sustainable practices green synthesis approaches that incorporate multicomponent processes (MCR), ionic liquids.

Solar energy a green approach of production of energy: a literature review

Anu Sharma — 2023-10-23

India is the world’s third-largest energy consuming country. Due to expanding economy, population, urbanization and industrialization energy demand is increasing continuously. Conventional energy sources such as coal, natural gas, oil or nuclear are exhaustible and have harmful environmental impacts such as air pollution, climate change, and natural resources decay. Therefore, there is a need of alternative sources of energy such as wind energy, solar energy. hydro energy. biomass energy and geothermal energy etc. These energies are renewable and ecofriendly. Solar energy is one of the renewable energy resources with significant potential to resolve the existing energy challenges. For the generation of this energy solar photovoltaic cells are being used which are reliable, clean, scalable, provide affordable energy, and are cost-effective in the long term. Recently, India ranked fourth in solar photo voltaic cell generation in the year of 2021. Its installed capacity was around 71.61 GW up to August 2023. Presently, solar tariff in India is very competitive and has achieved grid parity. This paper includes various techniques of production of solar energy